BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation
Volume 2, Issue 1 , Pages 22-35 , January 2009

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation-associated neurobehavioral gains during coma recovery

  • Theresa Louise-Bender Pape, Dr. PH, MA, CCC-SLP/L

      Affiliations

    • The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), Research Service, Edward Hines Jr VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois
    • Marianjoy Rehabilitation Hospital, Wheaton, Illinois
    • Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
    • Institute for Health Care Studies, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorrespondence: Dr Theresa Pape, The Department of Veterans Affairs, Research Service, Edward Hines Jr VA Hospital, PO Box 5000, MC 151H, Hines, IL 60141.
  • ,
  • Joshua Rosenow, MD, FACS

      Affiliations

    • Department of Neurosurgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
  • ,
  • Gwyn Lewis, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
    • Health and Rehabilitation Research Centre, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand
    • The Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
  • ,
  • Ghada Ahmed, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
  • ,
  • Matthew Walker, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
    • Department of Neuroradiology, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Illinois
  • ,
  • Ann Guernon, MS, CCC-SLP

      Affiliations

    • Marianjoy Rehabilitation Hospital, Wheaton, Illinois
  • ,
  • Heidi Roth, MS, PT

      Affiliations

    • The Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
  • ,
  • Vijaya Patil, MD

      Affiliations

    • The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), Research Service, Edward Hines Jr VA Hospital, Hines, Illinois
    • Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois

Received 6 May 2008 ,Revised 24 July 2008 ,Accepted 6 September 2008.

References 

  1. Pape T, Rosenow J, Lewis G. Transcranial magnetic stimulation: a possible treatment for TBI. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2006;21(5):437–451
  2. Eker C, Schalen W, Asgeirsson B, Grande P-O, Nordstrom C-H. Reduced mortality after severe head injury will increase the demands for rehabilitation services. Brain Injury. 2000;14(7):605–619
  3. Narrayan R, Michel ME, Asell B, et al. Clinical trials in head injury. J Neurotrauma. 2002;19(5):503–557
  4. Cohen E, Bernardo M, Masana J, et al. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the treatment of chronic negative schizophrenia: a pilot study. Jf Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 1999;67:129–130
  5. George M, Nahas Z, Lisanby S, Schlapfer T, Kozel A, Greenberg B. Transcranial magnetic stimulation. Neurosurg Clin N Am. 2003;14:283–301
  6. Pascual-Leone A, Catala M, Pascual-Leone P. Lateralized effect of rapid-rate transcranial magnetic stimulation of the prefrontal cortex on mood. Neurology. 1996;46:499–502
  7. In:  Pascual-Leone A,  Davey N,  Rothwell J,  Wassermann E,  Puri B editor. Handbook of transcranial magnetic stimulation. New York: Oxford University Press; 2002;
  8. Wasserman E, Graman J, Berry C, et al. Use and safety of a new repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulator. Electroencephal Clin Neurophysiol. 1996;101:412–417
  9. Wasserman E, Lisanby S. Therapeutic application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: a review. Clin Neurophysiol. 2001;112:1367–1377
  10. Harris-Love M, Cohen L. Noninvasive cortical stimulation in neurorehabilitation: a review. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2006;87(Suppl 2):S84–S93
  11. Giacino J, Ashwal S, Childs N, et al. The minimally conscious state: definition and diagnostic criteria. Neurology. 2002;58(3):349–353
  12. Laureys S, Owen A, Schiff ND. Brain function in coma, vegetative state and related disorders. Lancet Neurol. 2004;3(9):536–546
  13. Adams J, Jennett B, McLellan D, Murray L, Graham D. The neuropathology of the vegetative state after head injury. J Clin Pathol. 1999;52(11):804–806
  14. Jennett B, Adams J, Murray L, Graham D. Neuropathology in vegetative and severely disabled patients after head injury. Neurology. 2001;56(4):486–490
  15. Laureys S, Goldman G, Phillips P, et al. Impaired effective cortical connectivity in vegetative state: preliminary investigation using PET. Neuroimage. 1999;9:377–382
  16. Owen A, Coleman M, Boly M, Davis M, Laureys S, Pickard J. Detecting awareness in the vegetative state. Science. 2006;313(8):1402
  17. Schiff N, Ribary U, Moreno D, et al. Residual cerebral activity and behavioral fragments can remain in the persistently vegetative brain. Brain. 2002;125(Part 6):1210–1234
  18. Schiff N, Rodriguez-Moreno M, Kamal M, Kim K, Gicino J, Plum F, et al. fMRI reveals large-scale network activation in minimally conscious patients. Brain. 2005;64:514–523
  19. Muri R, Vermersch A. Effects of single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation over the prefrontal and posterior parietal cortices during memory-guided saccades in humans. J Neurophysiol. 1996;76:2101–2106
  20. Goldman-Rakic P. Modular organization of prefrontal cortex. Trend Neurosci. 1984;7:419–424
  21. Goldman-Rakic P. Topography of cognition: parallel distributed networks in primate association cortex. Annu Rev Neurosci. 1988;11:137–156
  22. Mesulam M. A cortical network for directed attention and unilateral neglect. Ann Neurol. 1981;10:309–325
  23. Mesulam M. Large-scale neurocognitive networks and distributed processing for attention, language and memory. Ann Neurol. 1990;28(5):597–613
  24. Lew H, Lee E, Mijoyoshi Y, Chang D, Date E, Jerger F. Brainstem auditory evoked potentials as an objective tool for evaluating hearing dysfunction in traumatic brain injury. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2004;83(3):210–215
  25. Lew H, Poole J, Salerno R-M, Castaneda A, Gray M. Prognostic value of evoked and event-related potentials in moderate to severe brain injury. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2006;21(4):350–360
  26. Lew H, Dikmen S, Slimp J, et al. Use of somatosensory-evoked potentials and cognitive event-related potentials in predicting outcomes of patients with severe traumatic brain injury. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2003;82(1):53–61
  27. Pape T, Heinemann A, Kelly J, Hurder A, Lundgren S. A measure of neurobehavioral functioning after coma-part I: theory, reliability and validity of the disorders of consciousness scale. J Rehabil Res Develop. 2005;41(6):1–18
  28. Pape T, Tang C, Guernon A, et al. Predictive value of the disorders of consciousness scale (DOCS). Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation [in press].
  29. Hausmann A, Pascual-Leone A, Kemmler G, et al. No deterioration of cognitive performance in an aggressive unilateral and bilateral antidepressant rTMS add-on trial. J Clin Psychiatry. 2004;65:772–782
  30. Jorge R, Robinson R, Tateno A, et al. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation as a treatment of poststroke depression: a preliminary study. Biol Psychiatry. 2004;55:398–405
  31. Wagner M, Rihs T, Mosimann U, Fisch H, Schlaepfer T. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex affects divided attention immediately after cessation of stimulation. J Psychiatric Res. 2006;40:315–321
  32. Di Lazzaro V, Thickbroom G, Pilato F, et al. Direct demonstration of the effects of repetitive paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation at I-wave periodicity. Clin Neurophysiol. 2007;118:1193–1197
  33. Thickbroom G, Byrnes M, Edwards D, Mastaglia FL. Repetitive paired-pulse TMS at I-wave periodicity markedly increases corticospinal excitability: A new technique for modulating synaptic plasticity. Clin Neurophysiol. 2006;117:61–66
  34. Pape T, Senno R, Guernon A, Kelly J. A measure of neurobehavioral functioning after coma-part II: clinical and scientific implementation. J Rehabil Res Develop. 2005;41(6):19–28
  35. Linacre M. Winsteps. Chicago: MESA Press; 1999;
  36. Pape T, Lundgren S, Heinemann A, Guernon A, Hurder A, Roth H. Establishing a prognosis for functional outcome during coma recovery. [Abstract From the 2nd Federal Interagency Conference on Traumatic Brain Injury.] J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2006;21(5):317
  37. Giacino J, Kalmar K. The vegetative and minimally conscious states: a comparison of clinical features and functional outcome. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 1997;12(4):36–51
  38. Giacino J, Whyte J. The vegetative and minimally conscious states: current knowledge and remaining questions. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2005;20(1):30–50

 Funding was provided by the Department of Veterans Affairs, Office of Research and Development, Rehabilitation Research and Development Service through an advanced research career development award (B3302K) and a career development transition award (B4949N). The research described in this article was also supported by the General Clinical Research Center (GCRC) of Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. The GCRC is supported by Grant M01 RR-00048 from the National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health. The Nick Kot Charity, a not-for-profit, also provided an unrestricted grant to support this project. Substantial in-kind contributions from the Departments of Neurosurgery and Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, of Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, and Marianjoy Rehabilitation Hospital also made this research possible. Additional in-kind contributions from Northwestern Memorial Hospital and the Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago are appreciated.

 The views expressed in the article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the US federal government or the US Department of Veterans Affairs.

PII: S1935-861X(08)00335-5

doi: 10.1016/j.brs.2008.09.004

BRAIN STIMULATION: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in Neuromodulation
Volume 2, Issue 1 , Pages 22-35 , January 2009