Abstract
Background
Sensitive outcome measures are needed to quantify the effects of neuromodulation in
mood disorders.
Objective
This study examined the utility of a novel affective bias (AB) task in identifying
transient mood changes induced by amygdala stimulation in a single rare participant.
Methods
Localized, pulsed electrical stimulation was delivered for 8 min during measures of
AB and self-reported mood. Responses were compared with those gathered without stimulation
on the same day in the same setting, using paired t-tests.
Results
Stimulation of the basolateral nucleus of the right amygdala at 50 Hz, 15 V, and 200 μs
pulse-width produced a significant positive shift in AB (t = −2.864, df = 53, P = .006), despite equivocal findings on self-reported mood (t = −.184, df = 12, P = .857).
Conclusion
Affective bias may be more sensitive to stimulation-induced fluctuations in mood than
subjective report, suggesting utility as an outcome measure in neuromodulation studies.
Keywords
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Brain Stimulation: Basic, Translational, and Clinical Research in NeuromodulationAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression.Neuron. 2005; 45: 651-660
- Deep brain stimulation for treatment-resistant depression: follow-up after 3 to 6 years.Am J Psychiatry. 2011; 168: 502-510
- Alexithymia – concept, measurement, and implications for treatment.Am J Psychiatry. 1984; 141: 725-732
- Depression is strongly associated with alexithymia in the general population.J Psychosom Res. 2000; 48: 99-104
- Effect of acute antidepressant administration on negative affective bias in depressed patients.Am J Psychiatry. 2009; 166: 1178-1184
- Cognitive therapy of depression.Guilford, New York, NY1979
- Recognition accuracy and response bias to happy and sad facial expressions in patients with major depression.Neuropsychology. 2004; 18: 212-218
- Cognition and depression: current status and future directions.Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2010; 6: 285
- Impaired recognition of emotion in facial expressions following bilateral damage to the human amygdala.Nature. 1994; 372: 669-672
- Facial emotion discrimination, II: behavioral findings in depression.Psychiatry Res. 1992; 42: 241-251
- Emotional information processing in mood disorders: a review of behavioral and neuroimaging findings.Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2006; 19: 34-39
- Neurobiology of depression.Neuron. 2002; 34: 13-25
- Physiological evidence concerning importance of the amygdaloid nuclear region in the integration of circulatory function and emotion in man.Science. 1954; 120: 949-950
- Mental phenomena evoked by electrical stimulation of the human hippocampal formation and amygdala.Brain. 1978; 101: 83-117
- Emotion induction after direct intracerebral stimulations of human amygdala.Cereb Cortex. 2007; 17: 1307-1313
- The amygdala as a target for behavior surgery.Surg Neurol Int. 2012; 3 Suppl S1: 40-46
- Comparison of Beck Depression Inventories-IA and -II in psychiatric outpatients.J Pers Assess. 1996; 67: 588-597
- The 20-item Toronto alexithymia scale: 1. Item selection and cross-validation of the factor structure.J Psychosom Res. 1994; 38: 23-32
- The brief symptom inventory - an introductory report.Psychol Med. 1983; 13: 595-605
- A randomized controlled comparison of electroconvulsive therapy and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in severe and resistant nonpsychotic major depression.Biol Psychiatry. 2003; 53: 324-331
- Deep transcranial magnetic stimulation as a treatment for psychiatric disorders: a comprehensive review.Eur Psychiatry. 2013; 28: 30-39
- Acute SSRI administration affects the processing of social cues in healthy volunteers.Neuropsychopharmacology. 2003; 28: 148-152
- Enhancement of affective processing induced by bifrontal transcranial direct current stimulation in patients with major depression.Neuromodulation. 2014; 17: 138-142
- Go-no-go task performance improvement after anodal transcranial DC stimulation of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in major depression.J Affect Disord. 2007; 101: 91-98
- Amelioration of cognitive control in depression by transcranial direct current stimulation.Biol Psychiatry. 2012; 73: 646-651
- The effect of serotonergic and noradrenergic antidepressants on face emotion processing in depressed patients.J Affect Disord. 2009; 118: 87-93
- Depressed patients' perceptions of facial emotions in depressed and remitted states are associated with relapse: a longitudinal study.J Nerv Ment Dis. 1999; 187: 595-602
Article info
Publication history
Published online: May 24, 2014
Accepted:
May 17,
2014
Received in revised form:
May 15,
2014
Received:
April 11,
2014
Footnotes
The current study was financially supported by a grant from the National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders made to Matthew Howard III (grant number: 5R01DC004290-14).
Financial disclosures: Drs. Bijanki, Kovach, McCormick, Kawasaki, Dlouhy, Feinstein, Jones, and Howard report no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest.
Identification
Copyright
© 2014 Elsevier Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
